Introduction: Gram-negative bacteria are the most pathogenic bacteria for marine organisms including ORNAMENTAL FISH.Materials and methods: In the present study Vibrio species isolated from ORNAMENTAL GUPPY FISH in Kashan, Isfahan, Iran FISH ponds and were detected according to molecular detection and genetic alignment. Liver, kidney, skin, brain and gill samples were taken from ORNAMENTAL GUPPY FISH in Kashan, Isfahan, Iran. Samples were cultured on enriched culture media and purification steps were performed based on microbiological methods. Primary identification was done using biochemical characterization of the isolated bacteria. Molecular detection was done based on amplification of 16SrDNA sequence of Vibrio cholera genome containing ITS (internal transcribed spacer); and sequence alignment of the amplified nucleotides.Results: The isolated bacteria detected as Vibrio spp., including Vibrio cholera (99% sequence similarity), Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio mimicus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (up to 90% similarity in the genome sequence). The aquaculture ponds had alkaline water and the amount of five-day BOD was not in a safe range, which are favorable conditions for Vibrio species.Discussion and conclusion: Aquatic organisms in Iran can be carriers of human pathogens such as Vibrio species. The results obtained in the present study and similar investigations should be mentioned in aquaculture healthcare systems.

Presenting the new methods and producing the new food supplements could have effects on efficiency and sustainable development on ORNAMENTAL FISH breeding as an important sector of aquaculture. In the this study, the effect of ethanolic extract of F.vulgar having phytoestrogen compounds on growth performance and fertility rate of GUPPY was tested for offering it as a food supplement in the aquaculture. 360 Juvenile guppies were distributed into 12 glass aquaria at 30 FISH/ tank in triplicate. Four diets containing varying levels of alcoholic extract of fennel seed at 0. 75, 100, 125 m/ g were prepared and fed to the FISH twice a day at 3% of their body weight. The results for each group were compared statistically with those for the control. Analysis of the results showed a significant increase in weight gain and fertility rate in group T2 (100ml/g). The increase in fertility rate in tests groups may be due to the increase in the level of estrogenic compound which in turn could be due to the action of the extract present in the diet. The observation made in the present investigation show that F.vulgar can act as a phytoestrogenic compound at low concentration and, hence, F. vulgar can be considered as a potential as well as a natural additive to FISH feed in commercial aquaculture to augment the fertility rate.

Aquaculture of ORNAMENTAL FISH is today a global industry worth several billion dollars. Nutritionally, ORNAMENTAL FISH are different from edible FISH, so body color is more important in ORNAMENTAL FISH than meat production, and in terms of price, ORNAMENTAL FISH and edible FISH are different. Aquaculturists strive to use food efficiently and at a reasonable price. Recently, efforts have been made to develop different diets for aquarium FISH, and the use of invertebrates such as insects, Artemia, polychaetes, and worms has been studied. Polychaetes are among the live foods with high nutritional value that are approved for use in ORNAMENTAL FISH diets. Polychaetes (protein, fat, and carbohydrates) possess a biochemical composition that is suitable for feeding ORNAMENTAL FISH, resulting in better growth performance, survival, and color quality compared to concentrated diets. ORNAMENTAL FISH farmers increasingly use polychaetes as sources of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (such as docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid) in order to improve growth performance, sexual maturity, and color quality. The importance of polychaetes as live food for ORNAMENTAL FISH is discussed in this promotional study.

ORNAMENTAL FISH are classified as high value and low volume products. At each stage of the ORNAMENTAL FISH supply chain, FISH are potentially exposed to stressors that can be detrimental to their welfare. During packaging, transport and adaptation, FISH can experience high stress and their welfare can be compromised, leading to reduced safety and high mortality. Meanwhile, the transportation of live FISH is known as the main cause of stress. It is estimated to be less than 5% for freshwater FISH and up to 80% for wild-caught marine FISH. One of the problems facing ORNAMENTAL FISH trade regulations is the difficulty in monitoring the welfare of ORNAMENTAL FISH. Rules have been defined for FISH welfare in food FISH aquaculture and for research processes, but few rules exist for the welfare of domestic and ORNAMENTAL FISH. Indicators for determining well-being can be divided into two categories: behavioral and non-behavioral. For example, the physiological effects of high stocking density in ORNAMENTAL FISH can lead to reduced water quality and increased aggressive behavior, while in some other species, low stocking can lead to increased territoriality and increased aggressive behavior by the dominant FISH, causing damage to weak ones. For this reason, it is necessary to understand the behavioral compatibility of different species of ORNAMENTAL FISH. Also, changes in water quality between each stage of trade can expose the FISH to considerable stress. One of the reasons for the difficulty of creating operational welfare indicators (OWI) for ORNAMENTAL FISH is the impact of the morphology of these FISH on natural and swimming behaviors, which in some species is due to genetic manipulations and etc. in FISH with big eyes, unnaturally long fins and bubbles. Another indicator of determining welfare is the use of observations of physical injuries, which in combination with behavior can be used to evaluate the welfare of ORNAMENTAL FISH. Using the behavioral and non-behavioral indicators presented in this article, a suitable OWI can be defined for different species of ORNAMENTAL FISH. To begin with, general indicators can be defined for larger categories (freshwater or saltwater FISH, carnivores or herbivores, ...), and gradually OWIs can be defined in more detail.

The operation of collecting, breeding and culture, keeping, transporting, packing and distributing ORNAMENTAL FISH, as a field of job creation, in addition to maintaining biodiversity, mental health effect, entertainment ability and increasing tourist attractions and export income, plays a significant role in the economic growth of many countries. The export value of ORNAMENTAL FISH in the world reaches 392 million dollars and Iran reaches 396 thousand dollars. In the statistical period of 1389-1400, despite the 9.5% growth of production, about 9.7 million dollars were exported from Iran, which was 13.4 and -5.9, respectively, in the period's quantitative and value growth. The highest volume of exports to Iraq, Turkey and Azerbaijan and the highest value of exports were related to the countries of Iraq, Turkey and Afghanistan, respectively. The highest value of the export unit was also related to Malaysia, Thailand and Pakistan, respectively. Despite the increase in export development compared to the past, the trade balance, production growth, the diversity of countries, the volume and value of exchanges have increased, and exports have been directed to neighboring and Asian countries. So that the special support and targeted planning of the government can increase the interests of the country and the sustainable development of the industry.

The pathogenicity of a Nervous Necrosis Virus isolate obtained from naturally infected Golden grey mullet (Liza auratus) suffering serious mortalities in Iranian coastline water of the Caspian Sea was investigated for first time. An experimental infection has been performed using three groups, two experimental groups and one control group of GUPPY (Poecilia reticulata) with mean weight 0.47±0.09 g, at temperature 25oC. The infectious dosage (50 ml) with TCID50/ml=10 4.25for 2 hours in group 1and 4 hours in group 2 developed the disease with immersion method. Clear clinical signs associated with significant mortality were observed since 15 dpi. Cumulative mortalities rose to 100% at 30 dpi. While in the control group no mortality was recorded.Virus was re-isolated on SSN-1 cell line that showing typical CPE developed after inoculation with tissues filtrate from dead FISH. Histopathological examination of exposed FISH, showed clear vacuolization in the granular layer of the retina and cerebellum. TEM micrographs revealed intracytoplasmic vacuoles in the retina of infected GUPPY. IHC revealed the presence of viral antigens in the brain and retina.These results confirmed the pathogenicity of the NNV isolate obtained from Golden grey mullet suffering high mortality with regard to suggest that the same agent isolated from golden grey mullet is very likely the cause of the mortality observed in the same species.

Aquarium FISH production for the entertainment business sector is rapidly growing aquaculture industry. Most aquaculture production of ORNAMENTAL FISH in fresh water species. In the aquarium, which often host high frequency and density much higher than in normal conditions, parasite prevalence increases to some extent is to close the border of fatal. A total of 605 FISH from 6 hatchery and rearing ORNAMENTAL FISH center in Mashhad such as zebra danio, guppies, Tiger Barb, Angel, platy, swordtail, Flower Horn, cichlid, Svartr, Blocks Moore, Gourami, Tetras, goldFISH, Green Taylor and Parrot FISH were sampled and tested. In this study, external parasites of skin, fins, gills and gastrointestinal tract were noted. The highest prevalence of parasites are Capillaria in Angel FISHes (30%), Dactylogyrus in zebraFISH danio (18%) and Trichodina in sword FISH and Svartr (30%). GUPPY, Tiger Barb, Angel and Flower Horan each with three distinct parasites, parasitic infections were highest pollution. Dactylogyrus have highest and Tetrahymna lowest dispersion among the FISHes studied (as in 8 and 1 type of FISH), respectively. Our findings revealed that the parasitic infections are very common among aquarium FISHes. Although, no gross pathology was observed among infected FISHes, but it is likely that in case of any changes in the environment, then parasitic infections could be harmful. Monitoring the health status of ORNAMENTAL FISH both in terms of trade with other countries and transfers between different provinces is one of the most important requirements in particular ORNAMENTAL FISH are FISH health. Because the ORNAMENTAL FISH trade deal without health certificates will have negative effects on the sale and export of FISH.

The effects of anesthetic concentration, duration of anesthesia and return of clove oil with concentration of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg per liter on female GUPPY were studied. Five GUPPY FISH with a weight under 1 gr were taken for each concentration. After preparation of thyme essential oil concentration in the container, FISH individually transferred to a container containing the anesthetic solution and loss of balance and anesthesia times were recorded. Results showed that increasing concentration of anesthetic, the anesthesia faster and slower recovery process occurs so that the concentration of l50 and 200 mg clove oil, FISH were anesthetized and the guppies in less than a minute recovery in clean water to concentration of 50 and 100 mg occurred more slowly. Stage of recovery in fresh water to concentration of 50 and 100 mg occurred more slowly.

Among infectious pathogens, fungal and fungal like organisms cause the remarkable social and economic impacts on ORNAMENTAL farmers. Some freshwater ORNAMENTAL FISHes including the cardinal Carassius auratus, Green Terror Cichlids (Andinoacara rivulatus), the GUPPY (Poecilia reticulata), the Koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) with typical signs of severe respiratory symptoms were prepared from a large commercial breeding centers ORNAMENTAL FISH shops in Tehran, Iran. The gill samples were taken and laboratory evaluations carried out. Accordingly, Culturing of fungal isolates, sequencing and molecular identification, pathogenicity as well as gross and microscopic evaluations were also carried out. Four isolated with NCBI-accession numbers of OL891804, OL912959, OL990026 and OL912961, respectivelyas Fungal sp., Penicillium sp., Fungal sp. and Candida sp. were reported and registered in Genebank. Eventually, the ORNAMENTAL FISH diseases of Tehran ORNAMENTAL FISH centers where a few FISH including the cardinal (C. auratus), Green Terror Cichlids (A. rivulatus), the GUPPY (P. reticulata) and the Koi (C. rubrofuscus), were suffering from gill disorders had been infected with Penicillium crustosum, Alternaria alternata, Filobasidium like organism, Candida zeylanoides, respectively.

The current study was done with the aim of identification of ectoparasites of some aquarium FISH including Carassius auratus auratus, Poecilia reticulata, Pterophyllum scalar and Colisa lalia. A total of 140 FISH were randomly collected from Isfahan city in 2013, and were transported alive in appropriate condition to FISHery Reserch Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord. FISH were kept in separate aquariums and were individually studied. The obtained results revealed that the studied FISH were infested by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus anchoratus, Dactylogyrus spiralis, Dactylogyrus sp1, Dactylogyrus sp2, Trianchoratus sp., Ancyrocephalus pseudorasbora and Gyrodactyrus sp. Overall, 64 0f 140 studied FISH (46%) were found to be infested by parasites and the remaining were not infested. The highest infestation rate was found in gold FISH (75%) and the lowest was observed in GUPPY (2.5%). A. pseudorasborae and Trianchoratus sp. are reported for the first time in Iran which were collected from gold FISH and dwarf gourami, respectively. Gold FISH is also reported as new host for D. spiralis.